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August 11, 2024

What is TOEFL?

What is TOEFL?
Exams

What is TOEFL?start reading

Dream Uni Editorial Team

TOEFL, or Test of English as a Foreign Language, is a standardized international proficiency exam. It measures the English language skills of people whose native language is not English. It is designed for students who want to enroll in universities in countries where English is the language of education and communication. In this content you can find answers to questions such as the dates and fees of the TOEFL exam. You can also contact Dream Uni Overseas University Counseling.

More than 11,500 educational institutions in over 160 countries accept the TOEFL. Alongside other exams like IELTS and Cambridge Assessment English, it is one of the most widely recognized English proficiency exams worldwide.

The Educational Testing Service (ETS), a non-profit organization, develops and administers the TOEFL exam. A national council of representatives from government and private organizations created it in 1962. The purpose was to address issues related to ensuring the English language proficiency of individuals whose native language was not English. These individuals sought higher education at universities in the United States.

The first TOEFL exam was held in 1964. Over time it gained international validity and became a proficiency exam accepted by many educational institutions and organizations in many different countries.

The exam is divided into two: TOEFL iBT, the computer-based exam, and TOEFL PBT, the written exam. Today the TOEFL iBT, taken digitally on a computer, is the more popular one. In countries where computer technology is not sufficient, you can also take it on paper.

Universities in the United States, France, and Germany, along with graduate programs in Canada, mostly prefer the TOEFL as the English proficiency exam. Compared with other English proficiency exams, universities in the United States, Canada, Germany, and France receive more TOEFL score reports.

More than 35 million students around the world take the TOEFL to show their English language skills. According to a study on the exam, 90% of the students who take it can get into their 1st or 2nd choice university.

The TOEFL iBT exam evaluates test participants' 4 language skills in English: reading, listening, speaking and writing. It is administered in three different formats:

  • TOEFL iBT Test: You take it on a computer at an authorized TOEFL iBT test center.
  • TOEFL iBT Home Edition: Test takers sit the exam in their own homes, with a proctor present.
  • TOEFL iBT Paper Edition: Reading, Listening and Writing are held in two sessions: at an authorized testing center, and the Speaking test at home on a computer.

Structure of the TOEFL iBT Exam

The TOEFL iBT Exam consists of 4 parts: Reading, Listening, Speaking and Writing. Test participants are asked to use skills that combine these 4 communication skills in English. For instance:

  • Reading, listening and then speaking in response to a question.
  • Listening and then speaking in response to a question.
  • Reading, listening and then writing in response to a question.

Section

Number of questions

Reading

30–40 questions

Listening

28–39 questions

Break

Speaking

4 tasks

Writing

2 tasks

TOEFL iBT Reading Section

The TOEFL iBT® Reading section measures how well exam participants can read and understand materials commonly used in an academic setting. It includes 3 or 4 reading passages, each about 700 words long, with 10 questions per passage. Test-takers have 54 to 72 minutes to answer all questions in this section.

TOEFL iBT Listening Section

The listening section of the TOEFL iBT exam measures participants' ability to understand conversations and lectures in English. You listen to audio recordings, and the section assesses the following skills:

- Basic Comprehension

- Pragmatic Understanding (attitude of the speaker, etc.) and the Ability to Relate and Synthesize the Information Received

In the speaking section there are two types of prompts, including university lectures and conversations. Both of these audio recordings are made in a language used on a university campus.

- 3 to 4 university lectures, each lasting 3 to 5 minutes, with 6 questions per lecture.

-2 to 3 conversations, each lasting 3 minutes, with 5 questions per conversation.

You may take notes on any audio element played during the test, to help you answer the given questions.

TOEFL iBT Speaking Section

The speaking section of the TOEFL iBT exam measures participants' ability to speak English effectively in academic environments. It has four tasks that resemble real-life situations inside and outside the classroom.

- The first question is called the "independent speaking task," because you are required to respond entirely based on your own ideas and experiences.

- Questions 2 to 4 are called "integrated speaking tasks", because these questions require you to answer in English by combining listening and speaking, or listening, reading, and speaking skills. This is much like what you would do in a classroom or real-world setting.

Participants have 15 to 30 seconds to prepare for each question before responding. They are asked to give a response lasting 45 to 60 seconds. To complete the speaking section of the exam, participants are allotted 17 minutes.

TOEFL iBT Writing Section

The TOEFL iBT Writing Section assesses participants' writing skills in English in an academic setting. It asks them to present their ideas in a clear, concise, understandable, and well-organized manner. There are two tasks in the writing section:

- Integrated Writing Task (20 Minutes) - You are asked to read a short passage and listen to a brief audio recording. Then you write a response based on the elements you read and heard.

- Independent Writing Task (30 Minutes) - You are asked to read a short passage and listen to a brief audio recording. Then you write a response based on the elements you read and heard.

Scoring of the TOEFL iBT Exam

To receive an official score from the TOEFL exam, you must answer at least one question in each of the Reading and Listening sections. You must also write at least one composition and complete at least one Speaking task.

The TOEFL exam score report includes scores and performance feedback that reflects proficiency levels. It also explains the tasks participants in the specified score range can generally perform. The score report document is valid for two years from the exam date. The TOEFL exam is scored on a scale of 0 to 120.

The score report sent to participants includes scores for four sections and one total score. Each section has a score range of 0 to 30, and these scores are added together for a total score of 0 to 120.

For each skill, there are 4 or 5 proficiency levels.

Language Skills

Reading

Listening

Speaking

Writing

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